The Cause Of Lightning

Lightning has been a mystery since early times. People of ancient civilizations believe angry gods threw lightning bolts from the sky. Nobody understood that lightning resulted from electricity until Ben Franklin flew a kite with a key dangling from the string, and it was struck by lightning.

In current times, it is known that lighting has a very scientific cause Generally, within a storm cloud, friction from water and ice-laden clouds creates a negative charge at the bottom of the cloud. When that charge grows too great for the air to hold it back, it is united with a positive charge from the Earth, creating a channel of electricity that flows between the two points. The charge remains invisible as it moves towards the ground until it meets the charge rising from the ground. Once they meet, a fifty thousand degree current superheats the air around the channel, resulting in an explosion of sound known as thunder. In fact, very recently it has been discovered that occasionally the positive charges appear at the bottom of the cloud, which are them met by negative charges from earth.

Generally, people are injured by lightning when they are in the open, near or in water, or near tall structures like trees. Golfers, swimmers, beach-goers, and outdoor workers are in greatest danger. The greatest number of victims are males, but it is believed that this is because males are more likely to be in the places where lightning strikes. When lightening is about to strike, one feels an odd, tingling sensation, and one’s hair stands on end. Of course, there is little change to do anything about it, because the full blow will occur within a second and be over in a couple of seconds. The victim may be thrown, lose consciousness, be burned, die, or suffer permanent injury. Some people recover completely, but others do not.

Motion Sickness

Motion sickness comes in many forms, not just seasickness. Ninety percent of the human race is susceptible to motion sickness of one kind or another. Some people become sick when they sit in back seat of a car, other cannot read or look at a map in any kind of moving vehicle. People get motion sickness on air planes, motorcycle, amusement park rides, and even on camels. Scientists have learned that motion sickness occurs when the brain is trying to make sense of a situation and there are too many conflicting messages. While the eyes are sending one message, the ears are trying to send a message about balance. The skin and bone joints, sensitive to air pressure, send another message.

Many people who got sick have experienced violent motion sickness try to avoid travel. But that is not always possible. So travelers should employ some well known strategies to avoid getting sick. The most useful strategy concerns food: eat a light meal before travelling and bring along a packet of plain soda crackers to snack on regularly. Avoid alcoholic and carbonated beverages, high-fat foods, and spices. Care in choosing the location of your seat is another important strategy. In a car, sit at the front and keep your eyes fixed on the horizon.

People who still got sick after trying these strategies can try medical help. Some rely on over-the counter medications, although some of them can make you sleepy. Others use simple ginger capsules to settle their stomach. A large number of travelers use pressure bands on theirs wrists. It is not clear how these bands work, but they do prevent motion sickness.

INDONESIAN NEWSPAPERS

Nowadays, there are a great number of newspapers published in Indonesia, almost in each province, one or more are circulated every day.

There are two kinds of newspaper. They are national and regional ones. The national ones report what happened in whole provinces and the regional ones report what happened in the certain provinces but both of them sometimes describe what happened in our country and the situations in the other country.

The arrangement of the newspapers generally consists of headlines, articles, classified ads and sports. The headlines usually inform the government programmer or the people’s life, the articles contain the people’s life, religion, law, crime and the others, classified ads often inform the people’s business and the sports inform a lot of kinds of sports which the people play and the names of sport men or sport women and their achievements. And the writing of the newspapers are not the same as the books. In one page is not full for one topic but more than one topics and it consists of columns. One topic can consist of one or more columns and if it is too long, it must be continued to another page.

Whatever forms and kinds of newspaper, the press must prepare the news as interesting as possible for the readers and don’t forget to do our president’s message that “Indonesia press must inform the development of information which is not contrary to Pancasila and UUD 1945”.

Although there are a lot of kinds of newspaper, all of them are important for us to read to get a lot of information and increase our knowledge.

COMPUTER

Computer is very important in modern life. Speed and accuracy in obtaining information are very needed. Solving the problem and making decision are necessities. In these cases, computer offers us much help. It has an ability to process data quickly and accurately.
The word computer derives from latin word computer. It means to consider. It is now well known as an automatic electronic medium. It is able to store, collect and process data.
The computer machine consists of three major devices. They are input devices, central processing unit and output devices.
Input devices are part that can be used to enter instructions or data into computer. They consist of keyboard, light pen, mouse, scanner and optical mark reader.
Central Processing Unit or CPU is the brain of computer. Here the instruction and data from the input devices are processed and field into computer memory system. There are two types of memory system. They are external memory and internal memory. External memory all instructions and data either before or after processing will be stored in diskette, USB, CD, or hard disk in CPU of the computer. Internal memory is a part of the system that is used to store data or programs either permanently or temporally.
Output devices the instructions and data that enter the computer will be processed. The output or the result will be displayed in output devices, such as screen monitor and printer.
The use of computer increase significantly in recent years, not only in business, but also in school as well as at home.